Correct Answer:
Option B —
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A) is True: Latitude and altitude are the primary determinants of climate (temperature, precipitation, and air pressure). For example, as you move toward the poles (latitude) or climb a mountain (altitude), the temperature drops. This change in climate dictates what kind of habitat—such as a tropical rainforest, a temperate grassland, or an alpine tundra—can exist in a specific location.Reason (R) is True: This is a biological fact. Different organisms have different "tolerance limits" and metabolic needs. A polar bear requires cold conditions to manage its heat, while a cactus requires specific arid conditions for its specialized photosynthesis ($CAM$ metabolism).Why (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A)While both statements are factually correct, the Reason does not explain why latitude and altitude determine habitat conditions.The Reason (R) explains why different organisms live in different habitats (niche specialization).The actual explanation for Assertion (A) would be rooted in Physical Geography: "Latitude and altitude determine habitat because they control the amount of solar radiation received and the density/temperature of the atmosphere."Because (R) describes a biological requirement rather than the physical mechanism behind (A), it is not the correct explanation.
Answer verified by Quintessence Classes faculty — Karan Nagar, Srinagar.
