Consider the following statements.

1. Life on the earth is possible due to the greenhouse effect

2. Increased emission of greenhouse gases is a natural process

Which of the above statements is/are correct:

Without the natural greenhouse effect, Earth would be a frozen wasteland. Greenhouse gases like water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane act as a thermal blanket, trapping just enough heat from the sun to keep our average global temperature at a life-sustaining 15°C. Without this effect, the Earth’s surface temperature would plummet to approximately -18°C, making life as we know it impossible.

Why Statement 2 is IncorrectWhile the greenhouse effect itself is a natural phenomenon, the increased emission of these gases over the last century is overwhelmingly anthropogenic (human-caused).Human Activity: The burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas), large-scale deforestation, and industrial agriculture have spiked $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ levels far beyond natural fluctuations.Natural Variation: While things like volcanic eruptions or solar cycles do affect the climate, they do not account for the rapid, sustained increase in greenhouse gas concentrations we are currently observing.The "Enhanced" Greenhouse Effect: It’s helpful to distinguish between the natural greenhouse effect (essential for life) and the enhanced greenhouse effect (caused by humans), which leads to global warming.