Match the following travelers in Medieval India with their respective dynasties:

1. Al-Masudi – Paramaras

2. Sulaiman – Rashtrakutas

3. Marco Polo – Palas

4. Amir Khusrau – Ghaznavids

How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

Al-Masudi – Paramaras (Incorrect)Al-Masudi was an Arab traveler who visited India in the 10th century (c. 915–916 CE).He is most famous for his accounts of the Gurjara-Pratiharas (whom he called Al-Juzr) and the Rashtrakutas (Balhara). He did not focus on the Paramaras.Sulaiman – Rashtrakutas (Correct)Sulaiman al-Tajir was a 9th-century merchant/traveler.He famously described the Rashtrakuta Empire as one of the four greatest empires in the world at that time, praising their military strength and administration.Marco Polo – Palas (Incorrect)Marco Polo visited South India toward the end of the 13th century (c. 1292–1294 CE).By this time, the Pala dynasty (centered in Bengal) had long since collapsed (12th century). Marco Polo's accounts primarily focus on the Pandya kingdom of the South and the Kakatiya dynasty (Queen Rudramadevi).Amir Khusrau – Ghaznavids (Incorrect)Amir Khusrau (the "Parrot of India") lived during the late 13th and early 14th centuries.He was the court poet for several rulers of the Delhi Sultanate, most notably the Khaljis and the Tughlaqs. The Ghaznavids ruled much earlier (10th–12th centuries).Correct Pairings at a GlanceTravelerPeriodPrimary Dynasty/Region MentionedAl-Masudi10th CenturyGurjara-Pratiharas & RashtrakutasSulaiman9th CenturyRashtrakutasMarco Polo13th CenturyPandyas & KakatiyasAmir Khusrau13th–14th CenturyDelhi Sultanate (Khaljis/Tughlaqs)Historical ContextThese travelers provide essential "outside-in" perspectives on Medieval India. While Sulaiman and Al-Masudi provide insights into the "Tripartite Struggle" involving the Rashtrakutas, Amir Khusrau is considered the father of Urdu literature and a bridge between Persian and Indian cultures during the Sultanate era.