Which Kashmiri art form is described by the following lines? I. It is a traditional folk theatre style combination of play and dance. II. It differs from other forms as it features a single performer who performs, dances, and plays music. III. It was mentioned by Kashmiri Sufi Saint, Sheikh Noor-ud-din Noorani (RA) in his verses and travel book of English writer, Sir Walter Lawrence

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Which Kashmiri art form is described by the following lines? I. It is a traditional folk theatre style combination of play and dance. II. It differs from other forms as it features a single performer who performs, dances, and plays music. III. It was mentioned by Kashmiri Sufi Saint, Sheikh Noor-ud-din Noorani (RA) in his verses and travel book of English writer, Sir Walter Lawrence

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The correct answer is Bhand Pather. Analysis of the CharacteristicsCriterion I (Folk Theatre): Bhand Pather is the traditional folk theatre of Kashmir. The word Bhand refers to the actor/performer, and Pather refers to the play or drama. It is a satirical and realistic style of performance that combines music, dance, and acting.Criterion II (Single Performer/Lead): While often performed in groups, the "Bhand" is a versatile performer who must master the art of storytelling, dancing, and playing traditional instruments (like the Surnai or Dhol) to lead the narrative.Criterion III (Historical References): The art form has deep historical roots. It is cited in the Shruks (verses) of the patron saint of Kashmir, Sheikh Noor-ud-din Noorani (RA), also known as Nund Rishi. Furthermore, Sir Walter Lawrence, in his famous book The Valley of Kashmir, provides a detailed account of the Bhands and their role in rural Kashmiri society during the late 19th century.

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Rouf

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Chakri

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Hafiza Dance

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