Environment & Ecology question from JKAS Prelims, 2018 by JKPSC
Which of the following is/are the correct statement/ statements in case of a sea level rise due to global warming
Last updated Jun 24, 2026
Correct Answer:
Option B —
There will be an increase in sodium content of well water in coastal areas
Explanation: Saltwater Intrusion
When sea levels rise due to global warming, the pressure from the ocean forces saltwater to move further inland into freshwater aquifers. This process is known as saltwater intrusion.
Why Sodium? Seawater is primarily composed of sodium chloride (NaCl). As the seawater mixes with the groundwater in coastal wells, the concentration of sodium and chloride ions increases significantly, making the water "brackish" or salty and unfit for drinking or agriculture.
Why not the others? While seawater contains other minerals, the most immediate and measurable chemical change in groundwater quality during sea-level rise is the spike in salinity (sodium).
Bicarbonates (A) are usually associated with the weathering of rocks or carbon dioxide dissolution.
Potassium (C) is present in seawater but in much lower concentrations than sodium.
Nitrates (D) are typically the result of agricultural runoff (fertilizers) or sewage contamination, not direct seawater intrusion.
Impact
This is a major concern for coastal communities because it leads to the loss of potable water sources and can degrade the soil quality for local farmers, as high sodium levels are toxic to many crops.
Answer verified by Quintessence Classes faculty — Karan Nagar, Srinagar.
