Consider the following statements regarding India's demographic trends:

I. Demographic dividend refers to the economic growth potential arising from a declining dependency ratio, due to a rising working-age population.
II. Demographic winter refers to the economic and social challenges arising from an increasing working-age population and decreasing old-age dependency.
III. India is expected to enjoy its demographic dividend till the mid-21st century, and its realization depends on education, skill development, health, and employment generation.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Question

Consider the following statements regarding India's demographic trends:

I. Demographic dividend refers to the economic growth potential arising from a declining dependency ratio, due to a rising working-age population.

II. Demographic winter refers to the economic and social challenges arising from an increasing working-age population and decreasing old-age dependency.

III. India is expected to enjoy its demographic dividend till the mid-21st century, and its realization depends on education, skill development, health, and employment generation.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Quintessence Classes · Accepted Answer

The correct answer is I and III only. Analysis of the StatementsStatement I is Correct: The Demographic Dividend occurs when the share of the working-age population (usually 15 to 64 years) is larger than the non-working-age share (dependents). This reduces the dependency ratio (the ratio of those not in the labor force to those in it), which can boost economic growth if the right policies are in place.Statement II is Incorrect: Demographic Winter is a term used to describe the exact opposite of a dividend. it refers to a "population sub-replacement" situation where birth rates fall so low that the population ages rapidly and eventually shrinks. This leads to an increasing old-age dependency and a decreasing working-age population, posing significant social and economic challenges.Statement III is Correct: According to the Economic Survey and various UN reports, India entered the demographic dividend window around 2005-06 and it is expected to last until roughly 2055-56. However, this is only a "potential" dividend; its actual realization is contingent upon the "four pillars": Education, Health, Skilling, and Employment.

Answer

II and III only

Answer

I and II only

Answer

All of the above

Answer & Explanation

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