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Economy question from UPSC CSE-Prelims, 2026

Consider the following statements with reference to the Sagarmala Programme of the Government of India:
I. The Sagarmala Programme seeks to achieve port-led economic growth through cost-effective and sustainable coastal infrastructure.
II. The success of the Sagarmala Programme is reflected in significant growth in coastal and inland waterway shipping, along with improved global port rankings.
III. Sagarmala 2.0 aims to position India as a global maritime innovation hub aligned with Atmanirbhar Bharat and Viksit Bharat 2047 visions.

Which of the following relationships among the above statements is/are correct?
1. Statement II validates the effectiveness of the strategies envisioned in statement I.
2. Statement III extends the objectives of statement I by embedding them into a future-oriented innovation framework.
3. Statement I contradicts statement III by focusing only on traditional infrastructure instead of modern innovation.

Last updated Jun 5, 2026
Correct Answer: Option B — 1 and 2
Explanation
Relationship 1 is correct: Statement I outlines the foundational goal of the Sagarmala Programme (port-led growth via sustainable infrastructure). Statement II points to the real-world results (growth in traffic, higher global rankings), which directly validates that the strategies envisioned in Statement I have been effective.

Relationship 2 is correct: Statement III discusses Sagarmala 2.0 and the Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047. This newer iteration doesn't replace the original goals of port-led development (Statement I); rather, it extends them by integrating modern, future-oriented goals like maritime innovation, green shipping, and smart ports to align with the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision.

Relationship 3 is incorrect: Statement I does not contradict Statement III. The transition from foundational infrastructure (Sagarmala 1.0) to a tech-driven innovation hub (Sagarmala 2.0) represents a natural, complementary evolution and expansion of the policy, not a contradiction.
Answer verified by Quintessence Classes faculty — Karan Nagar, Srinagar.

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UPSC CSE 2026 Prelims

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Exam UPSC CSE
Stage Prelims
Year 2026
Subject Economy
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