JKSSB Written 2024
Answer & Explanation
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Correct Answer:
Option A —
Tuberculosis
The BCG vaccine is one of the most widely used vaccines in the world, specifically designed to protect against Tuberculosis (TB), a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Understanding the BCG Vaccine
Origin: The vaccine was developed by two French scientists, Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin, after whom it is named. They spent over a decade (1908–1921) weakening a strain of bovine tuberculosis to make it safe for humans.
Mechanism: It is a live-attenuated vaccine. This means it contains a weakened version of the bacteria that stimulates the immune system to recognize and fight the actual disease without causing the illness itself.
Effectiveness: While its effectiveness against adult pulmonary (lung) TB varies, it is highly effective at preventing severe forms of TB in children, such as TB meningitis and miliary tuberculosis.
Answer verified by Quintessence Classes faculty — Karan Nagar, Srinagar.